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Dead Man Walking

By: David CaseWed Mar 19, 2008 at 2:36 PM
Dead Man Walking

Photo illustration by Glen Wexler

On the verge of a revival last year, AOL suddenly imploded. The inside story of a journey to nowhere.

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In February, Bewkes took a baby step toward relieving that burden. In his inaugural earnings call as CEO, he said he was "working to separate" AOL's ISP and Web businesses. "This should significantly increase AOL's strategic options," he said, hinting at a sale of the ISP, or more. Wall Street applauded; share prices bumped up slightly.

Falco had unveiled a plan in September 2007 to move corporate headquarters to Manhattan and "realign the business" as a "global integrated advertising platform." A new division, called Platform A, would be built around the Advertising.com unit. During 2007, AOL invested $900 million in complementary companies, such as Quigo, Tacoda, and Adtech (see AOL's Greatest Hope). By bundling these companies, AOL plans to offer a one-stop shop to help major brands promote themselves on the Internet.

There is some wisdom to this move. Online advertising will double to $42 billion by 2011, according to eMarketer. Meanwhile, the Web is fragmenting: Old-school portals like AOL and Yahoo are losing traffic to millions of smaller, independently owned Web properties. So-called third-party networks, such as Advertising.com, work as matchmakers, placing ads on appropriate pages. Platform A is still small -- accounting for less than a fifth of AOL revenue -- but the company's strategy this time is finally sharp. It's conceding the search market to Google. Instead, it is going after the premium display-ad market, where big corporations feel comfortable building their brands on mainstream sites. This is hardly surprising, as it's the segment that most resembles Falco and Bewkes's home turf: television.

For the thousands of AOL employees who don't work in advertising, of course, the emphasis on Platform A is an ominous sign. "The Dulles campus, where the Web business is, realizes that it's a cost center," says a former executive. Internally, Falco and Grant have managed to boost productivity there by dismantling the Matrix and organizing employees in small teams similar to startups. But with ad revenue projected to be flat in 2008, layoffs are likely to continue. At best, "there's probably a good mediocre business in there somewhere," the executive concludes.

Whether or not Bewkes breaks up AOL, staggering on as an ad business without a strategic partner could eventually lead into a death spiral. If Microsoft were to succeed in swallowing Yahoo, AOL would lose two of its most obvious potential buyers. At IAC, Barry Diller told investors in February that although he was once interested in buying AOL, "I don't really feel the same way now" unless it "came down in price to something ridiculous." As an orphan, AOL's online-ad business would be left to fight for market share in a fiercely competitive sector, dominated by Google and a potential Microsoft-Yahoo tie-up. The only hope, perhaps, would be for the latter two companies to fare as badly together as AOL and Time Warner have.

David Case is a freelance writer in New York. He is not related to AOL founder Steve Case.

From Issue 124 | April 2008

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Recent Comments | 13 Total

March 22, 2008 at 12:07am by Not Disclosed

///Then there were the technology challenges. AOL's sites were written in a proprietary code, Rainman, that was incompatible with standard browsers and search engines. Ad servers couldn't read it either -- one reason ad revenues slumped from $2.6 billion in 2001 to $781 million in 2003. The company would have to invest a fortune in tech upgrades just to get to the starting gate.///

This is just pure BS. Which is perpetuates from an article to an article. The saddest part is that AOL execs believe that even today.

There was nothing that prevented Rainman from generating the content that was quite compatible with "standard browsers and search engines". It was done and it is done even today. Take AOL France Welcome Screen as an example.

Technical illiteracy of AOL execs made them trust snake oil salesmen. But that did not help either, did it?

Let me ask you: why it was so important to make AOL "go after Yahoo"? Why not make a bunch of Web brands they had chase Yahoo and leave AOL Flasgship service alone? Netscape, AIM, ICQ, Winamp, Compuserve! Sure they could make a thriving web brand from at least one of those if there was a theoretical possibilith of thatthey, couldn't they? And they would not have to deal with that dreadful Rainman. why not just leave the AOL Sevice alone? The "New Coke" marketing lesson: don't mess with the products that work! I guess they did not teach that in Harvard business school.

March 25, 2008 at 9:50am by Bob Jones

To be fair, S&B didn't know what they were getting into. While AOL was growing, there were still problems that needed to be dealt with. There continued to be a need for a vision about where and how AOL would play as a Web company - we can't expect S&B to have that vision as they were relative newbies. S&B and TW thought they could go in with purely execution in mind while riding the gravy train to growth. Big mistake. After spending the first 6 months learning about the company, the industry, and the problems they faced, S&B tried what they thought to be fast and prudent moves to solve the problems but it was 1 year too late and some of it backfired. Instead of treading new ground, AOL was back to playing catch up to the competition. This is the problem when office politics overrule logic and vision. And, in my opinion, is largely a result of the shark infested waters at TW.

March 25, 2008 at 2:23pm by Media Maven

Turning around AOL was a task no one could accomplish, given the constant demands from the parent company to generate income growth to offset the performance of Time and other old media assets. That tactic forced the company to obsess about mechanisms to prop up the dial-up cash cow, even as the tectonic plates of technology were shifting underneath them. Did AOL, at some point over the last 5 years, have assets to exploit to shift to a new business model? Yes, but at no point could the transition to an ad and search model be supported without re-baselining the business, a journey that Dick Parsons, Jeff B, and others were unwilling to undertake. They have a major role in the accountability chain for the whole AOL journey.

So, with these short-term earnings constraints, what did you get? A half-hearted transition, with the dial-up business still generating the majority of the earnings out of an aging and not very credit-worthy user base.

I think that some of the moves (the purchase of advertising.com, userplane, weblogs, the formation of TMZ.com, and the shift to a more robust free portal to retain customer traffic, etc.) were all decent moves, given the performance and investment constraints imposed on AOL, but without a new wave of initiatives to keep the journey moving forward at speed, in 2007 you began to see the languishing advertising growth starting to occur. In my eyes, Bebo is the first real new move by Randy Falco and Ron Grant that isn't a derivative of the Jon Miller-crafted playbook (I would say their hubris in claiming some intellectual highground over Miller was bad form as leaders, but that's another topic), and that's how I will grade them as business strategists going forward. I wish AOL the best of luck, but with the TWX stock trading at new lows, even when rumors of AOL being purchased hitting the wires, I think the analysts (Jessica Reif Cohen et al) still bullish on the stock should have their tickets pulled - they have done their clients a huge disservice by keeping them in the stock as it fell from its $23 peak...

March 25, 2008 at 3:37pm by Anonymous still anonymous

What a sad testimony to a fallen dynasty - one that others should take note of. AOL's problem was one of arrogance - pure and simple. The universe took care of this by installing a "tower of babel" that still exists today. The only thing left are employees who wistfully yearn for the "good old days".

March 25, 2008 at 5:43pm by Mark Zorro

I have not followed anything about AOL but I find the responses to this article as well as David Case's piece highly insightful. Normally I don't focus on corporate autopsies or ugly micro-details but I can learn much by digging into the piece because David Case has written comprehensive piece (with or without flagged sections by respondents) and the prose laced with meaningful numbers is brilliantly presented. It actually surprised me to read this level of detail here and I really am only going to significantly grow my learning if I continue to come across pieces that are incomprehensible to a dweeb thinker......M.

March 26, 2008 at 9:15pm by James Belle

perhaps they should have learned from Yahoo's mistake in hiring a guy from Hollywood to do a tech job! I don't think AOL is necessarily a dead man walking, they can still turn it around.

March 26, 2008 at 11:40pm by Bill Later

Enough already... Can someone just please shoot this company in the head? Elvis left the building when Pittman moved to NY in 2000 to take his ill-fated CEO in waiting spot at TW. There hasn't been any talent left in Dulles since. Idea: Number the employees and fire the odd-numbered ones (hell, ok, the even ones then). Then distribute all the savings to shareholders in a dividend. They deserve it after the stock's performance for the past 8 years.

May 2, 2008 at 5:25am by Desmond Haynes

Interesting read http://techwatch.reviewk.com/2008/04/comscore-reports-increase-in-traffi...
... building AOL into a major digital ad-sales firm.” The content push “is part of AOL’s bid to reinvent itself as an ad-supported Web company following its August 2006 decision to make its Internet-access service free. Visits to AOL’s Web sites slowed as a side-effect of that decision. … To draw visitors back, AOL redesigned sites in the news, sports and health categories. It also created a half-dozen new sites that don’t use the AOL name, such as a technology-focused site called Switched, a hip-hop site called BlackVoices, and a Web trend tracker called Urlesque.com, as well as Asylum. Dropping its name was an acknowledgement that the brand wasn’t hip enough for the consumers AOL was trying to attract.” AOL “also adopted some common tricks of the trade, such as making its sites appear higher in search-engine results....

May 16, 2008 at 5:02pm by Kasey Marcum

Very well written, David.

I am surprised that the employees aren't fleeing at an alarming rate. It has been obvious for a while that AOL should just give it up. Not sure why one would continue to work in this kind of environment.

October 26, 2009 at 2:54am by Somchai Yhai

I agree with James Belle,
"Tech job for tech guy".

Somchai Yhai
VP of Marketing at หางาน