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Social media
can be defined as all Internet and web based technologies that allow mass scale
communications among people. As oppose to broadcasts that went from one to
many, this reflects a many to many format where there can be a dialog among
many people. Social media (SM) is definitely not a fad and is here to stay.
Especially, if you are a non-profit or a small business with a purpose, SM can
be used very effectively to mobilize your cause, volunteers, and even funds to
support your work.

You can continue to create ripples by engaging people in online communities.
But many people are using it because everyone else is using it. Even though
social media can be a powerful tool, it can also be a waste of resources and
ineffective if not integrated into the over all marketing strategy. Here is a
list of questions that you should ask yourself when you are developing your
social media strategy.

1) What is the organization’s purpose?
Every marketing plan needs to start with the company's main purpose or the
corporate mission. If you do not have a clear purpose or corporate mission,
there is a lot written on the subject, including suggestions in my article -
translating inner purpose into a mission statement.

2) What is the purpose of Social Media?
The next question to ask is how SM can further the organization’s goals? What
are the specific goals and objectives of the SM plan in order to support the
overall company plan? Goals refer to the broader purpose of SM, which is
typically ongoing and cannot be measured. Objectives are the measurable and
specific outcomes you would like to achieve within the specified period.

You can define several goals that are consistent with the corporate mission.
For example, MotherWoman, a non profit with the mission of empowering mothers
to bring positive personal and social change, can use SM to create a social
network to support mothers by sharing experiences, resources, and information
to empower mothers and build a strong social presence using social media tools.
Another goal can be to stay informed about changes in the environments in terms
of new grants, new technologies, new research, etc.

The more specific objectives can be to connect with specific number of mothers
during specified periods who can benefit from this program, to connect with new
donors, increase website and Blog traffic, increase participation of workshop
mothers in online sharing, etc.

3) How will Social Media reach its goals?

I recommend what I call the L.I.P. Approach - Listen, Inform, and Participate.
a. Listen: Social media is a powerful tool because it allows a dialog among
many people. An essential aspect of dialog is listening. While traditional
market research methods like focus groups, surveys, and interviews are still
important ways to listen, a more active and continuous form of listening is
possible using social media tools like Google Alerts, Facebook, and Twitter.
You can now listen to what your customers are saying, people who believe in
your cause are saying, learn from other organizations, and learn about changes
in your environment. Make a list of people and organizations as well as topics
of interest that you should be following and then figure out the channels you
will use to follow.

b. Inform: The second powerful use of social media is with respect to informing
the relevant stakeholders – like your benefactors, donors, and other
organizations – about your services, ideas, and beliefs. Instead of paying
millions of dollars to celebrities who have no interest in your product, to be
in a ad that is very often blocked out by people, you can now speak from a
place of passion and authenticity to people who care. Tools like Twitter,
Facebook, Blogs, and YouTube are becoming very popular to get your message
across to people in fun, creative, and yet meaningful ways. Make a list of
things you need to get across to the relevant audiences, such as events, new
service announcements, any media coverage, new ideas, and volunteering
opportunities. And then identify the right channels to communicate the same.
This will involve decisions like should you use Facebook Pages or Facebook
Groups. Should you be on LinkedIn or MySpace or both?

c. Participate: The third aspect of a good SM plan is to create effective ways
to participate. An important aspect of dialog is to reciprocate. If you find an
interesting Blog, make comments. If you find an interesting Tweet, make sure to
Re-tweet giving credit to the original tweeter. These are ways of recognizing
and appreciating the contribution of people in your social network.

4) To whom is it targeted?
The choice of social media channels will depend upon where you think your
target audience will be. Where do you think your customers go to connect or
learn about the kind of product or service that you provide? Your choice of
social media channels will depend upon where you can find potential donors,
benefactors/customers, collaborators, and information to help you move towards
your goals.

5) Who is responsible for implementing your Social Media strategy?
SM is time consuming but it can be integrated into your marketing strategy in a
way that it feels more organic and natural to the people involved. While they
may be one person overseeing SM, there are ways to integrate other employees,
guest bloggers, customers, community members, and other people passionate about
the product, cause, or service that your organization is promoting. Just ensure
that you have clear rules around who and in what way each person will be
involved.

6. Measuring impact periodically
The good news about many of the social media tools is that you can track some
aspects of the impact you are making very easily. For example, in quantitative
terms Twitter gives you statistics related to your Tweets on certain
applications; Facebook pages gives you statistics; and the sheer number of
followers and fans helps to some degree in telling about the response to your
efforts. Some applications like stats counter can be added to Blogs to assess
visitors. It is good to pay attention to the qualitative data related to your
organization in terms of what people are saying about you. Over longer periods
of time you can correlate the increase in SM statistics with increase in sales
and traffic to better understand which channel is most productive for your
goals. Very often, it is a combination of SM tools that will promote your goals
and it may be hard to separate the effects of each.

7. What is the opportunity cost?
SM does take time and perhaps money away from what you could be doing with
those resources instead. Make sure that your benefits in the long run exceed
your costs before adopting a social media strategy. The key is to think long
term.

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